ISOLATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATES FROM STOOLS OF DIARRHOIEC CHILDREN BELOW 5 YEARS IN NIGERIA
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
E. coli has become widespread in distribution and recognised both as harmless commensal and a versatile pathogen. It has emerged as an important cause of diarrhoea illness with diverse phenotypes and pathogenicic mechanisms. E. coli and other members of the family enterobacteriaceae are well known to develop or acquire resistance to a variety of antibiotics by different mechanisms. Seventy (70) isolates of Escherichia coli from stool of diarrhoeic children below five (5) years of age with suspected gastrointestinal infections attending two hospitals and a primary health care centre in Zaria were screened for their susceptibility to a panel of nine commonly used antibiotics by the disc diffusion method. Escherichia coli isolates which were resistant to multiple antibiotics and showed minimum inhibitory concentration between 20 – 100 µg/ml against ciprofloxacin were used for conjugation studies. Curing experiments of the transconjugants and resistant Escherichia coli isolates was carried out with acridine orange to determine if the resistant determinants were plamid mediated . High level of resistance was observed to Amoxicillin (100%), Ampicillin (100%), Tetracycline (100%), Sulphamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (97.1%), Ceftazidime (88.6%), Cefuroxime (85.7%) while lower resistance were observed to Gentamicin (35.7%), Ciprofloxacin (40%) and Ceftriaxone (58.6%). Sixteen isolates (22.9%) were found to be resistant to all the 9 antibiotics used. Sixtyeight isolates (97.1%) were identified as being resistant to multiple antibiotics since they were simultaneously resistant to at least three different antibiotics with seventeen (17) different phenotypic patterns. The multiple antibiotic resistance indices (MARI) for the MAR isolates was found to be high, between 0.3 to 1.0 suggesting that the isolates originated from an environment where antibiotics were often used. Plasmid DNA analysis on thirty-five resistant isolates showed 11 plasmid band sizes with molecular weights ranging from 2800 bp to > 5000 bp. Three isolates were found to harbour the IncK epidemiologic plasmid encoding gene for the blaCTX-M of the ESBLs and nineteen resistant isolates were also found to harbour the gyrB gene. The results of this study indicates that resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole is remarkably high in Zaria, and their continued usefulness in the treatment of E. coli infections in children need to be reviewed. In contrast, gentamicin, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin were more efficacious but the later (ciprofloxacin) is however contraindicated in children below 12 years of age. Plasmid borne resistant genes among the Escherichia coli isolates were more from the stools of children obtained from the General Hospital, Kofan-Gaya, Zaria-city, Nigeria.
Related Project Materials
A CRITICAL SURVEYOR OF ADVERTISING AS A DETERMINANT OF CUSTOMER PATRONAGE IN THE FAST FOOD INDUSTRY
ABSTRACT
This research study is generally intended to critically survey advertising as a determina...
VALUE ADDED TAX IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND ECONOMIC IMPLICATION
ABSTRACT
The study is to determine the role of the impact of value added tax (VAT) on Nigeria growth and development. The objective...
THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP ON TEAM PERFORMANCE
THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP ON TEAM PERFORMANCE
This study examines the impact of leaders...
THE IMPACT OF RELATIONSHIP MARKETING AS A TOOL FOR CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND PROFITABILITY
ABSTRACT
This research work review extensively the meaning of Relationship Marketing and its role as a tool for customer satisfaction and...
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION ON PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT IN SCHOOL GOVERNANCE
ABSTRACT: Assessing the impact of early childhood education on paren...
EVALUATING GENDER STEREOTYPES IN TECHNICAL CAREER PATHS
ABSTRACT: Addressing Gender Stereotypes in Technical Career Paths is essential for fostering an inclusive and diverse workforce. This study ex...
THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND IT'S EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATES: A STUDY OF AE-FUNAI STUDENTS
Background of the study
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of many industr...
EFFECTS OF THE USE OF AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF COMPUTER IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the effects of the use of audio-visual materials (AVM) in the teaching and learning of com...
THE IMPLICATION OF NIGERIA VALUE ADDED TAX (VAT) ON THE PAYERS
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to examine the the implication of Nigeria value added tax (vat...
EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO CONTEXT CLUES ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT OF JUNIOR SECONDARY II STUDENTS
ABSTRACT
An area that brings problem continuously to second language (L2) learners of English is vocabulary development. Exposing words t...
